This report documents the alarming human rights violations occurring in Balochistan, with a focus on enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings. The cases highlight a pattern of state repression, arbitrary detentions, and unlawful executions by Pakistani forces. The data is based on reported cases from February 2025, reflecting the deteriorating human rights situation in the region.
Statics of Enforced Disappearances
The following districts reported cases of enforced disappearances and illegal detentions in February 2025
- Awaran 26
- Gwadar 25
- Kech 21
- Nushki 4
- Dera Bugti 7
- Kharan 1
- Barkhan 17
- Khuzdar 1
- Mastung 2
- Lasbella 3
- Panjgur 6
- Kachi 2
- Quetta 9
- Karachi 8
- Dera Ghazi Khan 1
- Multan 1
Total Cases: 134
Torture Victims: 50
Extrajudicial Killing Cases: 18
Cases of Enforced Disappearances
In February 2025, multiple cases of enforced disappearances were reported across 14 districts of Balochistan, with some cases extending into parts of Punjab and Sindh. Awaran district recorded the highest number of incidents, with 26 individuals forcibly disappeared. Total cases of enforced disappearances in month of February 134. In the month of February 50 people were released after mental and physical torture across Balochistan.
Protests Against Enforced Disappearances in Balochistan
For several days, protests have been ongoing across various cities of Balochistan, including Quetta, Kalat, Hub, and Mastung, against enforced disappearances. Relatives of missing persons, have staged sit-ins on key highways, demanding the safe recovery of their loved ones.
These demonstrations have led to the closure of major routes, including the Quetta-Karachi Highway, Quetta Taftan Highway, and the Taftan Highway near Mastung district, severely impacting transportation and daily life.
The Voice for Baloch Missing Persons (VBMP), a prominent advocacy group, has been running a protest camp for over 5,751 days. This prolonged protest underscores the persistent nature of the crisis and the failure of authorities to address the grievances of affected families. The families, many of whom include women and children, continue to demand justice and transparency in the cases of enforced disappearances.
Human rights organizations have repeatedly expressed concerns over extrajudicial detentions and the lack of due process. The protesters are calling on the government, judiciary, and international human rights bodies to take immediate action. Despite occasional assurances from authorities, the lack of tangible results has led to growing frustration and distrust among the affected families.
As the protests persist, the resilience of the Baloch people highlights their unwavering commitment to seeking justice for their missing loved ones. The issue of enforced disappearances remains a significant human rights concern, requiring urgent and transparent action from both national and international stakeholders. The families continue their peaceful struggle, hoping for the safe return of their loved ones and an end to enforced disappearances in Balochistan.
Extrajudicial Killings
The extrajudicial killings by Pakistani forces in Balochistan continue unabated. The Pakistani military is reportedly detaining and killing individuals without due process for undisclosed reasons.
Momin Baloch
Momin Baloch, son of Aslam Baloch, was a student who forcibly disappeared from his home in Shareeki, Mashkai, Awaran district, by Pakistani forces on February 28, 2025. He was detained without any legal justification or due process. His family was left in distress, desperately seeking information about his whereabouts. On\ March 3, 2025, he was executed while in custody.
Kamran Baloch
Kamran Baloch, s/o Muhammad Alim, was a student residing in Shareeki, Mashkai, Awaran district. On February 28, 2025, Pakistani forces raided his home and detained him without presenting any charges. His family was unable to obtain any information regarding his status until March 3, 2025, when he was extrajudicially killed by Pakistani security forces.
Mehraj Niaz
Mehraj Niaz, s/o Niaz Muhammad, was a student when he was forcefully taken from his home in Shareeki, Mashkai, Awaran district, by Pakistani forces on February 28, 2025. His detention was carried out without any legal procedures, and his family was left with no official information regarding his condition. On March 3, 2025, he extrajudicially killed by Pakistani security forces. His unlawful execution reflects the continuous pattern of enforced disappearances and violence against students and civilians in Balochistan.
Allah Dad
Allah Dad, s/o Wahid Bakhsh, was a student from Kech district who was killed by state agencies in Turbat city on February 5, 2025. He was an M.Phil. Student at Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, and had returned to his hometown when he was tragically shot and killed. His killing is a severe violation of human rights and raises concerns about the targeting of educated Baloch youth.
Abdul Wahid
Abdul Wahid, s/o Ramzan Baloch, was a labourer from Pishukan, Gwadar district. On February 9, 2025, he was shot and killed by the Pakistani Coast Guard in the Ganz area of Gwadar. According to his family, the Coast Guard initially permitted him and his companions to work in the area, but after they loaded goods onto a boat, a Coast Guard vessel began chasing them. Suddenly, they were ordered to leave, and as soon as the officers received information about the arrival of a senior officer, they opened fire, killing Abdul Wahid.
Hayat Baloch
Hayat Baloch, s/o Sabzal Baloch, was a driver from Kech district who was forcibly disappeared by Pakistani forces on July 3, 2024, from the Bug area in Turbat city. On February 11, 2025, his bullet-riddled body was found in Panjgur district.
Shukurullah Baloch
Shukurullah Baloch, s/o Salam Baloch, was a driver from Washuk district who was detained by Pakistani forces from the Washbood FC check-post area of Panjgur on February 3, 2025. Along with him, his cousin Nadeem Baloch, son of Shareef, was also taken into custody. On February 14, 2025, a surf vehicle was used to dump their bodies—Shukurullah was found dead, while Nadeem was critically injured.
Hatim Ali
Hatim Ali, s/o Raheem Bakhsh, was a driver from Buleda, Kech district. On the night of February 14, 2025, he was injured when state-sponsored militias opened fire in the Abdooi border area. Despite being taken to the District Health Headquarters in Kech, he succumbed to his injuries due to excessive bleeding and the lack of proper medical treatment.
Mehraj Mehr
Mehraj Mehr, s/o Abdul Qadir, was a 9th-grade student from Gomazi, Tump, and Kech district. On February 16, 2025, he was shot and killed by Pakistani military-backed death squads. His family had long been a target of state repression—in 2020, their homes were burned by the military, forcing them into displacement. After recently returning to rebuild their lives, they once again faced violence.
Karim Baloch
Karim Baloch, s/o Manzoor Baloch, was a teenage driver from Gomazi, Tump, and Kech district. On February 20, 2025, he was shot dead in broad daylight by a death squad in the Kohad area of Tump. His murder adds to the growing list of targeted killings in the region, where state backed armed groups operate with impunity, eliminating young Baloch men without consequence.
Hameed Ullah Baloch
Hameed Ullah Baloch, s/o Khan Muhammad, was a labourer from Ornach, Khuzdar district. He was forcibly disappeared by Pakistani forces in Awaran on December 15, 2024. On February 25, 2025, his dead body was found bearing signs of torture.
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, son of Hafiz Muhammad Akbar, was a resident of Gidar, Soorab, in Qalat district. He was forcibly disappeared by Pakistani forces from his home in December 2024. His dead body was discovered in the Shaban area of Quetta on February 25, 2025. His murder highlights the widespread use of enforced disappearances and extrajudicial executions as tools of oppression.
Zubair Ahmed
Zubair Ahmed, s/o Abdul Samad Baloch, forcibly disappeared from his home in Gidar, Soorab, Qalat district, by Pakistani forces in December 2024. His dead body was later found in the Shaban area of Quetta on February 25, 2025, showing clear signs of torture. His killing is part of the systematic elimination of Baloch individuals who are abducted and later found dead under mysterious circumstances.
Shahzaib Baloch
Shahzaib Baloch, s/o Rehmatullah Baloch, forcibly disappeared from the Kharotabad area in Quetta district on January 2, 2025. His body was discovered in Shaban, Quetta, on February 25, 2025.
Naeem-ud-Din Baloch
Naeem-ud-Din Baloch, s/o Noor-ud-Deen Baloch, forcibly disappeared from the Lehri Gate area in Quetta district on January 7, 2025. His body was found in Shaban, Quetta, on February 25, 2025.
Mudassir Sumalani
Mudassir Sumalani was a 22-year-old driver from Nushki district who was shot and killed by Pakistani custom forces on the Nushki National Highway on February 26, 2025.
Wafa Baloch
Wafa Baloch, s/o Allah Bakhsh, was a driver from Parom, Panjgur district. He was extrajudicially killed by Pakistani forces in the Abdooi border area on February 26, 2025.
Human Rights Analysis: Enforced Disappearances and Extrajudicial Killings in Balochistan
The human rights situation in Balochistan has reached a critical point, with alarming reports of enforced disappearances, extrajudicial killings, and widespread state repression. The data from February 2025 highlights a disturbing trend of arbitrary detentions and unlawful executions by Pakistani security forces. This report provides a concise analysis of the crisis, emphasizing the urgent need for intervention.
Enforced Disappearances
In February 2025, 134 cases of enforced disappearances were reported across multiple areas of Balochistan, as well as parts of Punjab and Sindh. Many individuals were subjected to mental and physical torture before release, with 50 people freed after suffering inhumane treatment.
Protests Against Enforced Disappearances
The crisis has triggered widespread protests across Balochistan. Relatives of missing persons have staged prolonged sit-ins, demanding the safe return of their loved ones. Demonstrations have led to major highway closures, disrupting transportation and daily life. The Voice for Baloch Missing Persons (VBMP) has been protesting for over 5,751 days, highlighting the persistent failure of authorities to address the issue. Despite repeated calls from human rights organizations, governmental assurances have failed to yield tangible results, leading to growing frustration and distrust.
Extrajudicial Killings
Reports indicate that Pakistani security forces continue to detain and execute individuals without due process. In February 2025 alone, 18 cases of extrajudicial killings were documented. These unlawful executions have heightened fear and insecurity, while the lack of independent investigations and accountability emboldens perpetrators.
Conclusion and Recommendations
The deteriorating human rights situation in Balochistan demands urgent action. Authorities must be held accountable, and immediate measures must be taken to ensure justice and transparency.
Recommendations
Independent Investigations: Conduct impartial inquiries into enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings.
2.Legal Accountability: Prosecute those responsible and uphold the rule of law.
3.Government Transparency: Ensure clear records of detainees and adherence to due process.
4.International Pressure: Call for diplomatic and economic measures to address ongoing violations.
5.Support for Victims’ Families: Provide legal and rehabilitation assistance to affected families.
The resilience of the Baloch people underscores the urgent need for a collective response. Enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings are grave human rights violations requiring immediate and decisive action from national and international stakeholders.